Nitrate accumulation in the sources of water supply for the population of the municipality of Güira de Melena, Artemisa
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Abstract
The purpose of this work was to carry out a diagnosis of nitrate contamination in the sources of water supply for the population of the municipality of Güira de Melena, and to analyze the possible causes of this contamination. Based on the information provided by the Empresa de Proyectos Hidráulicos de la Habana, three intervention areas were established, one in a non-agricultural area (north), another near the Empresa Güira de Melena (center), and the other in areas of small farmers (south of the municipality). Hydrological study wells were selected, where water and soil samples were taken (around each well and in a radius of 2 meters from the center of the well), where the contents of mineral N, organic matter, phosphorus and potassium in the soil, as well as nitrate and nitrite in the water were determined. The nitrate contents of the water supply sources in the municipality of Güira de Melena exceeded the maximum permissible limit, and varied in the different months of the year, so it is necessary to increase the frequency of sampling of water from the wells. Fertilization, management, crop type, irrigation and water quality have a decisive influence, not only on the behavior of mineral N in the arable layer, but also on its mobility in the soil profile.
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