Sanitary stage of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds produced under cuban conditions
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Abstract
A rutinary program for testing germination and sanitary quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) basic seeds produced under cuban conditions have been held for 12 years, employing Acarigua Blanco, Aceitero and Blanco 5-HA varieties sponsored by INIFAT. Observations have been made on the presence and evolution of field diseases affecting plants from the leaf fall stage up to the harvest moment. Methods employed have been top of paper for germination tests and and blotter test for sanitary appraisals. A list of fungy hosted in sesame seeds have been devised establishing importance judgements according to the damages they produce both in seeds and the subsequent culture; also it have been made a correlation test between germination and C. cassicola incidence provided that both variables showed a noticeable relationship. Detected mycoflora was compoused by 21 fungy belonging to 17 genera, part of them exhibiting potential danger for the culture while some other are not significants. Most importants were Alternaria sesami, A. sesamicola y C. cassicola, but also were considered of potential importance Cercospora sesami, Dreschlera sesami, Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium spp. Although a part of fungy show a weak pathogenic or saprofitic character they contaminate seed surface covering it with mycelia and sporulation structures that generate changes of colors, give the seed a dirty aspect and become an important degrading factor.
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