Behavior of soil microorganisms in areas of the biosphere reserve of Sierra of the Rosario
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Abstract
The reserves of the biosphere have inside these main objectives to preserve the biodiversity. However, it has a few studies about the effect in soil ecosystem of the agricultural practices that are carried out inside the reserve. In Cuba this is a necessity for the correct management of the ecosystems. In this research were evaluated the concentration of different groups of soil microorganisms (total microorganisms, fungi, bacteria, actinomicetes, nitrogen fixers, and phosphorus and potassium solubilizers) in two areas of Biosphere Reserve Sierra of the Rosario. With the employment of the method of direct inoculation in box and the count of Units Formation of Colonies (UFC) in selective culture mediums, it was demonstrated that the total number of microorganism of nitrogen fixer’s microorganisms and phosphorus solubilizers are very similar in the seven study points. The total number of microorganisms, the fungus and the actinomicetes show variations, those that don't keep relationship with the levels of organic matter of the soil but if with the establishment of practical aggressive. The more affected groups were the potassium solubilizers and cellulolitic, those that could not be quantified in the samples coming from areas with big plants. The results demonstrated the necessity to carry out actions that increase the levels of organic matter and minimize the interferences of the edaphic microorganisms, even in these special areas. It is suggested to study the composition from the microorganisms to species level by different techniques to obtained more information about the impact of agriculture practices over soil biodiversity.
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