Variability of germination of cultivars of corn (Zea mays L.) of INIFAT collection
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Abstract
Corn (Zea mays L.) is an essential crop for the human and animal diets due to both its high nutritional value and its several applications in industry. The INIFAT has a collection of over 200 accessions of corn germplasm representative of Cuba. It is a non-totally exploited source of genetic diversity; hence, we need to guarantee a proper conservation and maintenance for future uses. A sample of 28 traditional cultivars was characterized and evaluated using three INIFAT’s commercial varieties as control. Six attributes of the germination under two temperature conditions were evaluated. For the germination trial the newspaper method was used as alternative to between papers method. The analyzed temperatures did not alter the final expression of the variables related to the germination. It was determined by statistical analysis that the length and width of the coleoptile are varietal characters that allow for the varietal differentiation and favor in the cluster analysis the formation of three cultivar groups. In this collection, a loss of variability was detected because none of the analyzed cultivars reached 85% of germination; therefore, it is necessary to conceive future research projects for its regeneration and it is advisable to extend this study to the rest of the collection in order to reach a more comprehensive understanding of the variability of the germination in every sample in the collection.
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