Characterization of accessions belonging to the collections of genus Musa and Ipomoea by means of genetic markers
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Abstract
Bananas, plantains and sweet potatoes are subsistence farming in different parts of the world, where they are considered the basic food in these regions’ diet. In Cuba its cultivation is essential to achieve the balance of products on the market. Therefore, the Research Institute in Tropical Viands (INIVIT) is, within the Ministry of Agriculture, the entity in charge of the maintenance, conservation and exploitation of the collections of the genus Musa and Ipomoea, which can be used by scientific researchers and producers. Taking into account this situation, we come upon the following objective: to characterize accessions of the collections of the genus Musa and Ipomoea through cytogenetic and genetic- biochemical analyses in order to know the degree of genetic variability and to bring about an efficient management of such germoplasm banks. In the citogenetics analysis there were determined different levels of ploidy (diploids, triploids and tetraploids for Musa accessions, and hexaploid for Ipomoea accessions). In the quantitative analysis of the electrophoretograms, from the genetic-biochemical study, it was observed in the accessions of genus Musa that out of 73 analyzed bands a 98.63% of polimorfism was detected, and for the genus Ipomoea accessions, from a total of 39 analyzed bands, the 71.79% turned out to be polymorphic. The high polymorphism found among the analyzed accessions revealed a large heterogeneity between them; furthermore, the accessions were representative of the genetic diversity of the material which is preserved in these germoplasm banks.
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