Manage of the biofertilización with rizobacterias in the cultivation of the chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.).
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Abstract
The chickpea constitutes a cultivation of importance in the strategy to diversify the agricultural productions in Cuba. The present study had as objectives to select cultivars for its nodulation capacity, growth and yield; as well as stumps of effective rizobia in their biofertilizer. The isolated ones obtained they were characterized, their attributes like promoters of the vegetable growth were evaluated and the most promissory were identified. Later on, it was determined the effect of the application of the stumps of selected rhizobia and their combination with Bacillus and dose of N, P and K; in the growth, yield and the reduction of fertilizers in the cultivation. The results allowed to choose when cultivating National-29 for their answer highlighted in the nodulation, growth, and yield. Three identified stumps were selected as Rhizobium sp. with capacity to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate of calcium, to produce natures and to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp. It was demonstrated that the biofertilizer of cultivating National-29 with Rhizobium sp., Bacillus sp. and dose of fertilizers of 30 kg.ha-1 of N, 40 kg.ha -1 of P2O5 and 40 kg.ha-1 of K2O, it increases the yields and the quality of the obtained grains. The results, with a positive economic impact, were validated in three productive scenarios.
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