Behavior of bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with different degree of drought tolerance on field condition
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Abstract
The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of some varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) coming from the Bank of Germoplasm and of the Program of Improvement of the Institute of Fundamental Research on Tropical Agriculture “Alejandro of Humboldt", with different degree of tolerance to the drought, under field conditions. They were carried out two experiments in areas of the INIFAT on Red Ferralitic soil, using a design of blocks at random with four replies. Along it was applied a germination watering. Varieties (21) of grains of red, black and white color were sowed; of them six were selected with different degree of tolerance, as models to carry out the analyses. Characters morphology were determined and of the yield of the plants and the Absolute Rate of Growth was calculated (TAC), in two moments of the cycle of development of the cultivation. The characters of growth and yield in the six evaluated varieties reflected an in agreement behavior to the degree of tolerance that they presented the varieties early in a development state. As for the dry matter of leaf, shaft and root, we can say that the biggest values are presented in the varieties Bat 93-1 and P-2258 that are considered tolerant, continued by the varieties P-246 and P-2240 and with the lowest values the P-2170 and P-2173. The variety P-2258 presents the biggest accumulation in dry matter of the leaves and the root, aspects these of great importance from the point of view of the tolerance to the hydric stress. The TAC for all the varieties was bigger in the period floration-fructification, allowing a bigger accumulation of dry matter that facilitates the fotosintatos supply to the points of growth and filled of the grain. The most tolerant varieties make a more efficient use of the distribution of the produced dry matter, what is reflected in the obtained yields.
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References
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