Influence of the environment on sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) flowering in the central region of Cuba
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Abstract
Flowering is a complex sequence of physiological processes in which diverse internal and external factors are involved, but it can be considered as a plant response to a certain photoperiod. The aim of this paper was to define the environment influence on flowering of different sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotypes, for their use in sugarcane breeding programs. 80 representative parents of the sugarcane breeding program were planted in three localities (Guayos, Buenos Aires and Mayarí) situated at different altitudes in the central region of Cuba (100, 400 and 800 mosl) and different flowering-related variables were studied (intensity, dates and masculine fertility) for 12 years (1996-2007). A three-way ANOVA (genotype, locality and year) was performed to the genotypes flowering every year. Once the genotype x environment interaction was proved, a factorial ANOVA with the random effects model was carried out. It was found that the locality was the main source of variation influencing most of the flowering-related variables studied. The high effect of the localities as a part of the environmental component (51- 69% of total phenotypic variation) facilitates the use of the genotype- environment interaction, by employing a grid of environment allowing the natural induction of flowering.
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