Evaluation of 20 maize accessions (Zea mays L.) under drought conditions and supplementary irrigation
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Abstract
In Cuba maize is mainly sown in winter months, the season in which rain fall reaches its lower levels every year. This factor, together with the low availability of materials adaptable to drought conditions, has contributed to obtain low yield of this cereal during the last few years. For that reason the behaviour of 20 accessions of maize, including the local witness (Gibara cultivar), were evaluated in drought and of supplementary irrigation at the farm of a small farmer at Las Caobas community and in the areas of the Grain Research Station belonging to the Agriculture and Animal farming Extension, Research and Training Unit in Holguin located in Velasco, both in Gibara municipality. To identify the most suitable accessions in the two above-mentioned conditions, selection indexes related to grain yield were used such as drought intensity index (DII), Drought Susceptibility Index (DSI), Yield Loss Percentage (YLP), and Geometrical Yield Average (GYA) and the Index of Relative Efficiency (IRE) for each genotype. The accessions with a better behaviour, in both conditions, making use of the selection index were: for Las Caobas Community the accessions 25, 26, 39, 39, 44, 46, 106, including the local witness; and the accessions 26, 39, 43, 108 and Gibara’s local witness for the Grain Research Station.
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