Characterization of bacteria strains with potential for biofertilizer fabrication
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Abstract
The characterization of 16 bacteria strains belonging to the genders Bacillus, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Gluconacetobacter, showed the highest morphological, physiological, biochemical and metabolic diversity existing among the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated from Cuban soils. Circular form of colonies and mucus consistence are the most stable characters and the Bacillus group showed the highest heterogeneity. Protein hydrolyzes showed the highest difference among the specie. All the strains can fix nitrogen as shown by the growth in a semisolid medium without the element, although Bacillus strains didn´t exhibit good results. They can use manitol, glucose, dextrose, maltose, lactose and sucrose as carbon source, but they don’t degrade carboxymethylcellulose. All the strains can produce indol acetic acid with A,vinelandii and G. diazotrophicus showing the highest levels at values above 15 mg.mL-1. G. diazotrophicus and Bacillus can solubilize phosphorus, with B3 strain of B.megatherium showing the best results. Growth velocity and duplication time are between 0.13 and 0.50 h-1, with a faster growth for the Bacillus genus. The best biofertilization response was found for maize (Zea mays L), while for wheat (Tritium aestevium L) the number of strains showing positive interaction was the smallest. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L) showed intermediate results. E19 strain of G.diazotrophicus, A17 of A.vinelandii, A31 of A.chroococcum and B3 of B.megatherium are the best for stimulation with positive results in at least two of the three crops studied.
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