Assessment of the use of sediments from the “Gilbert” and “Sabanilla” reservoirs for the sustainable production of vegetables in Cuba.
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Abstract
The objective of this work is to provide a solution to the accumulation of sediments in the reservoirs caused by the erosion of the soils close to them and, in turn, to use them as a substrate in the organoponic agricultural production. Sediments were extracted from “Gilbert” Reservoir (Santiago de Cuba) and “Sabanilla” (Las Tunas), which were processed and characterized chemically and physically to know their suitability and effectiveness. In the province of Santiago de Cuba, an essay was carried out with sediments mixed with compost and earthworm humus, using as a reference for the amount of sediment 50 kg bags (2 bags = 50 %, 3 bags = 75 %, 4 bags = 100 %) spread over 2 m2, the evaluated crops were: lettuce, beans and cucumber and in Las Tunas sediments combined with compost with beet cultivation. There was a positive effect in the application of the different sediments as a substrate combined with compost and humus. Worm, obtaining the highest yields in all crops with the use of 75 % sediment and 25 % of humus. The economic contribution is given by the possibility of restoring or recovering the base of the beds when using these sediments as substrates that they provide nutrients, being more effective when they are enriched with organic materials such as compost and earthworm humus, contributing to a gain between 0.39 to 8.49 CUP.m-2 increase in yields and the production of ecologically healthier products.
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