Efectos de la hiperhidricidad sobre la regeneración de ápices crioconservados de ajo (Allium sativum L.)
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Abstract
Hyperhydricity is a disorder which occurs in plant tissue culture and causes morphological abnormalities and death of plantlets. This study is intended to evaluate the effects of hyperhydricity on plant regeneration of garlic cryopreserved apices. In a first experiment, a part of the apices showed severe hyperhydricity symptoms and losses their regenerative ability, leading to modifications of the recovery procedure. The apices were cryopreserved by the vitrification protocol with the PVS3 solution. The occurrence and the effects of hyperhydricity were variable among different replicas, but all of them regenerated viable plants. The cryopreserved apices and those of the control sample showed similar results regarding the development of the plantlets to bulblets. The 40 % of cryopreserved apices with mild hyperhydricity symptoms regenerated normal plants, and the other 60 % produced plants with bulblets of small size or without bulblet development. Apices with severe hyperhydricity symptoms showed less developed plants or died. Although different factors of in vitro culture influence hyperhydricity appearance, the flooding of apoplast is considered the mayor causative effect of the hyperhydricity syndrome. That is why, practices that avoid high relative humidity inside the culture vessel need to be improved, and the hyperhydricity incidence must be considered for garlic plant viability estimations of in vitro conservation researches at INIFAT’s Gene Bank.
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