Exploración de la diversidad del espelón (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) como cobertera en Yucatán México
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Abstract
In order to evaluate the potential of cowpea as cover crop was carried: 1) one trial to screening 65 varieties on their cover ground, grain yield and phenology, 2) one experiment which varieties UCR4240, UCR1331, UCR779 and Habana 82 cowpea was intercropping with maize. Flowering became apparent from 33 up to 135 DAS. From this range, three groups were formed according to their photoperiodic response: from 33 to 45, from 46 to 55, and from 56 DAS onwards. The early flowering Habana 82, and the late flowering UCR4240, IT89KD-288 and UCR779 performed remarkably well since their cover was quickly attained at 76 and 90 DAS, and their grain yields were well above 120 g DM m-2, a figure 4-fold the largest reported for the genus worldwide. For other hand, at the intercropping UCR779 had the highest cover 60 DAS, as opposed to UCR4240, UCR1331 and Habana 82. Cover of UCR4240, UCR1331 y UCR779 at 90 DAS were all similar, but larger than that of Habana 82. Regardless of the variety, cover of xpelon intercropped with maize was lowest. Maize plant height was not affected by xpelon varieties both at 60 and 90 DAS. The four varieties of xpelon sown simultaneously with maize had no significant effect on neither maize grain yield, whose range was 2088-2516 kg DM ha-1, nor on the yield components of maize.
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