Contribution of the Central Genebank of Cuba to development the agrifood systems
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Abstract
The Central Germplasm Bank of Cuba (BCGC) is tasked with safeguarding the base and duplicate germplasm collections from the Centers that make up the National Plant Genetic Resources System. The aim of this study is to assess how the BCGC has contributed to the development of agricultural systems and to analyze the need to strengthen and recognize its role in achieving sustainable food systems. Data were collected from the monitoring of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Cuba during the period 2012-2023, and were divided into three stages to organize and analyze the information. Key findings show that the BCGC holds approximately 3,500 accessions representing more than 340 species. Of these, 90% are preserved as seeds, 9.7% in field collections, and 0.3% in vitro. Notably, 65% of the conserved accessions are Cuban in origin, which adds significant value to the preserved germplasm and makes it an attractive resource for regional and global projects and initiatives. The BCGC has helped address national challenges by providing various vegetable, grain, and oilseed varieties, as reflected in the catalog of cultivars developed by INIFAT, which includes 142 cultivars from 46 botanical species. Its richness and diversity demonstrate real potential for developing new varieties that meet the demands of the country's food systems.
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