Physico-chemical variability of the fruits of a population of soursop (Annona muricata L.) conserved in situ in southern Manabi, Ecuador
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Abstract
Soursop in southern Manabi produces exquisite fruits of different flavors, sizes and shapes. Despite having a great commercial importance, the physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits have been little studied. The objective of this research was to determine the physico-chemical variability of the fruit in a population conserved in situ in southern Manabi, Ecuador. Eleven quantitative variables (weight, circumference, length, emergency density of exocarp, number and weight of seed, percentage of pulp, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, maturity ratio and dry matter) and two qualitative variables (shape of fruit and emergencies of exocarp) were evaluated. To determine the variability of the data, a principal component analysis, correlation analysis (Pearson) and hierarchical cluster aggregation (Ward) was performed. To the quantitative data were determined their range of variation, and to the qualitative data, their statistical frequency. The 73,84% of the total variability was obtained in the first four components, and the 11 variables studied seven contributed the greatest variability. Positive correlations between the characters studied were observed, and the dendrogram formed three groups. Six forms of fruits and emergency of exocarp were determine, of which the most frequent were ovoid fruits and emergencies with acute apex of up to 5 mm in length. The results show the physico-chemical variability of the fruit and the presence of accessions that stand out in these characters, which may be used in future breeding programs of this species.
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