Evaluación de la eficiencia biológica en el cultivo del hongo Schizophyllum commune empleando residuos agroindustriales
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Abstract
The Schizophyllum commune is a fungus with relevant food characteristics, given its nutritional value and low caloric content; it also possesses minerals such as calcium, potassium and iron. However, this fungus also has medicinal attributes for their content of β- glucans, the most relevant, the Schizophyllano with antitumor effect on cervical cancer. In this paper the biological efficiency of mushroom cultivation was evaluated using agroindustrial waste of Caldas state (Colombia), where two formulations based on coffee husk, sawdust and corn bran were tested, both carried up to 65% moisture two2 units of substrate production of 1kg and 3kg respectively were used. The formulated material was bagged in biaxially oriented polypropylene and sterilized at 121°C for one hour, and inoculated to 4% on a wet basis with fungus seed. The seed was produced using hydrated wheat (40% moisture) and inoculated with mushroom mycelium spread in potato dextrose agar (PDA).The inoculated and bagged substrate was taken to the cultivation rooms in controlled conditions of temperature, humidity, air concentration and carbon dioxide, and light intensity, for the phases of settlement and compaction, primordia formation, growth and maturation. The above, until obtaining two crops of fruit bodies, for 60 days. Biological efficiencies were obtained from 20 to 30%. This paper seeks to contribute to the research and development mushrooms macromycetes cultivation of medicinal purposes as alternative uses of agricultural and agro-industrial residues of Colombia.
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