Decontamination method for in vitro establishment of garlic (Allium sativum L.) bulbs
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Abstract
Apices of garlic bulbs (cloves) are vigorous explants for tissue culture practices, but they usually present high contamination levels with soil microorganisms, due to they are underground growing organs. The experiments were done to compare different decontamination variants of garlic clove, with sodium hypochlorite solutions (0.5- 5% available chlorite) or a 0.1% mercuric chlorite, as disinfectants. During explants development, contaminated plants and alive plants were quantified, in order to evaluate culture survival. Plantlet development was evaluated every 15 days, quantifying the number of leaves, roots, and bulblets. Applying 5% sodium hypochlorite during 15 min, followed of cutting 1 mm of the most external layer and flaming the base of garlic bulb, acceptable disinfection levels of garlic cloves were obtained, with decontamination percentages ranging around 70%, without plant damage.
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