Effect of the peduncle and leaf sheath dry mass on the grain filling of four cuban rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)
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Abstract
The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of the sowing date on the dry matter mobilization from the peduncle and the leaf sheath, and its influence on the grain filling of the Cuban rice varieties J-104, IAC-27, IAC-28 and Reforma. The experiment was carried out in two planting dates, according to a randomize block design with 4 replicates. The peduncle and the leaf sheath dry mass were determined at the onset of heading, at 50% heading, at the milky stage and at harvest. The leaf area was evaluated at the milky stage and the rate of reserves mobilization was calculated during the grain filling. The yield components were determined at harvest. The results showed that the dry mass reserves were mobilized from the peduncle and the leaf sheath in the wet season, which could explained the higher percentage of filled grains found in this planting date. Despite the highest values of leaf area observed at the milky stage in the dry season, the percentage of filled grains was lower, coinciding with the absence of reserves mobilization from the stem. The results of this experiment highlights the importance of developing management practices appropriate to each planting date, to increase the expression of the yield potential, that is, a high number of spikelets per plant and a high grain filling quality.
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