Phenotypical and biochemical evaluation of cooking banana plants (Musa spp.) regenerated of proliferating meristemes
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Abstract
‘Burro Criollo’ (Musa spp.) is a cooking banana, which is a traditional cultivar from the east of Cuba, susceptible to Panama disease (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense). Cryopreservation protocol, defined as simple method, consist in a pregrowth of proliferating meristems (cauliflower like structures) in MS medium with 0.4-0.5 M sucrose, during three weeks, followed by a rapid freezing. Proliferating meristem cultures were obtained by subcultures in 6-bencyl-amino-purine (BAP). These proliferating structures can originate doubts about the stability of regenerated plants. Shoots regenerated of cryopreserved proliferating meristems developed field plants. Morphological and yield characters of these plants were compared, by a t Student test, with characters of similar plants of identical origin from explants donors plants. Also, the isoenzimatic patterns of peroxidases, polyphenoloxidases and esterases were evaluated. It was not found significant differences in morphological and yield characters of the plants which could be related with the cryopreservation procedure, neither variation of the isoenzymatic patterns. These results pointed out proliferating meristems did not originate significant genetic variations.
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