Slow growth conservation of garlic (Allium sativum L.) germplasm
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Abstract
Garlic is a specie with high culinary value and medicinal properties. Its medicinal activity has been recognized until ancient times, but more recently, its action over human health has got the interest of researchers world wide. Garlic does not produce botanic seeds under standard cultivation conditions. It’s germplasm is conserved as field collections, and bulb storage between vegetative growth cycles, so it is exposed to different natural and human risks. Slow growth conserved collections reduce the risk of germplasm loss. The objective of this paper is to evaluate slow growth garlic germplasm conservation and acclimation at INIFAT’s Gene Bank; and bulb characteristics after two cycles of sowings: the first in an orchard (organoponic) and the second under field conditions. Conservation temperature of 5- 6oC reduced plant growth, expressed as leaf development and bulbification lower rate. Bulbs harvested from the orchard were conserved in order to use them as “seeds” for field evaluation. Field harvested bulbs maintained phenotypical characteristic and recovered bulb proportions. The number seeds (cloves) harvested from field sowing overcame acclimation loses with a multiplication rate of 20 to 30 seed bulbs, depending on clone. Even so these results could be optimised¸ they are a contribution to the knowledge about garlic slow growth conservation at INIFAT’s Gene Bank.
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