Determinación de la madurez fisiológica de los granos de garbanzo (Cicer arietinum L.) variedad ´Nacional-24´ en siembras óptima y tardía
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Abstract
The aim of this paper was to determine the grain physiologic maturity (pm) in chickpea variety ´Nacional- 24´ during the optimal date and later sowing. The researches were carried out under field conditions, in INIFAT areas, for two sowing season, in optimal date management for this crop (November 15 - 15 December) and not good (late) January 1 and January 2. The samplings were performed in a frequency 2-6 days from the beginning of the grain filling until the crop maturity to determining when the grains reach the physiologic maturity. For each one sample 20 plants were selected aleatorily. The pods were separated from the plants for counting and classification according to their color, including the foliage, as well as the dry weight of grains, for each sample. The criterion used to determine the grain physiologic maturity (pm), was in the maximum dry matter accumulation, so it allowed having an exact gauge of the duration period in the filling process. The results showed that the grains of the variety ´Nacional-24´ reached the physiologic maturity during 107-110 days after sowing, for optimal date sowing in November and December respectively, while the late date was between 64 and 70 days. Positive correlation between grain dry weight with respect to the foliage and the pop color were found. In the moment when grains reach pm value, there are very little or no presence of green husks reason why it could be kept in mind as indicator to define approximately under field conditions the adequate moment for harvest. The determination of the PM of the grains allows us to determine with more accuracy the good moment of crop what facilitates the obtaining of good yields with the required quality.
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References
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